X-Virus-Scanned: clean according to Sophos on Logan.com Return-Path: Sender: To: lml@lancaironline.net Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2012 10:12:08 -0400 Message-ID: X-Original-Return-Path: Received: from imr-da04.mx.aol.com ([205.188.105.146] verified) by logan.com (CommuniGate Pro SMTP 5.4.6) with ESMTP id 5655517 for lml@lancaironline.net; Tue, 17 Jul 2012 09:57:48 -0400 Received-SPF: pass receiver=logan.com; client-ip=205.188.105.146; envelope-from=Sky2high@aol.com Received: from mtaomg-ma04.r1000.mx.aol.com (mtaomg-ma04.r1000.mx.aol.com [172.29.41.11]) by imr-da04.mx.aol.com (8.14.1/8.14.1) with ESMTP id q6HDv9Ou003903 for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2012 09:57:09 -0400 Received: from core-mtd004c.r1000.mail.aol.com (core-mtd004.r1000.mail.aol.com [172.29.235.205]) by mtaomg-ma04.r1000.mx.aol.com (OMAG/Core Interface) with ESMTP id 1A32AE000088 for ; Tue, 17 Jul 2012 09:57:09 -0400 (EDT) From: Sky2high@aol.com X-Original-Message-ID: <2fd94.6277538e.3d36c934@aol.com> X-Original-Date: Tue, 17 Jul 2012 09:57:08 -0400 (EDT) Subject: Re: [LML] Re: Experimental TCAS system? No, ADS-B... X-Original-To: lml@lancaironline.net MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="part1_2fd94.6277538e.3d36c934_boundary" X-Mailer: AOL 9.6 sub 168 X-Originating-IP: [67.175.156.123] x-aol-global-disposition: G X-AOL-SCOLL-SCORE: 0:2:456420736:93952408 X-AOL-SCOLL-URL_COUNT: 0 x-aol-sid: 3039ac1d290b50056f3504df --part1_2fd94.6277538e.3d36c934_boundary Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Language: en I don't think dropbox saved the pdf as a pdf and I couldn't seem to down = =20 load it as such nor could I control the screen size for the pix. If anyone= =20 wants a copy of the 3 MB pdf, send me an email directly.... =20 Scott Krueger=20 =20 Sky2high@aol.com =20 =20 In a message dated 7/17/2012 7:59:52 A.M. Central Daylight Time, =20 marv@lancair.net writes: Posted for Sky2high@aol.com: Colyn and Dico, Valley performance is great if the other aircraft is properly equipped. You did not have TIS-B, just TIS. TIS is only available in limited areas= =20 =20 (like within 50 NM of KORD). See slide 11 of the attachment. I have a=20 Garmin 430W and GTX 330 so I can get TIS if available. TIS is easily=20 confused =20 by closely crossing airplanes or your own steep turns. ADS-B knows when= =20 your velocity vector is changing because of the high xmit/receive rate. Hey, I am gaga over ADS-B, it is here today and IS your future in a mere= =20 7.5 years. Some Display and UAT systems come in around $5500. Check it = =20 out. [Please go to =20 https://www.dropbox.com/s/9257rfxsd5huxue/Colyn1%20reduced.pdf for the file= attached to this message. ] Read the TCAS-II limitations at the end of the attachment. Don't dive = =20 unless you have TAWS. The following is an outline of a presentation I recently made to an EAA = =20 group. Attached are the PDF slides. I have a demo program on my laptop= =20 of=20 the SkyVisionXtreme that I use with the presentation. If you want to see= =20 a =20 demo, look for a dealer in your area. Uh, I would exude my gaga-ness in= =20 front of a group for expenses. Maybe.... Scott Krueger =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3DSupporting text for =20 PDF.=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D SLIDE 1 =20 ADS-B=20 The NexGen system relies on GPS-WAAS, ADS-B and the participation of GA= =20 for flight safety and efficiency. ADS-B services include weather=20 (FIS-B)=20 transmitted from ground stations and traffic (TIS-B) available directly= =20 from=20 other ADS-B equipped aircraft or from the same ground stations that have = =20 also acquired aircraft location information by any means. There are other= =20 services, but these are the most important to non-commercial GA. When = =20 complete in 2013, there will be about 800 such ground stations with 393= =20 operating=20 today (there were only 331 at the end of February 2012). =20 SLIDE 2 =20 ADS-B in 2020=20 In the continental USA and by 2020, aircraft must be broadcasting ADS-B= =20 OUT data (altitude, location, direction, speed, ID, etc.) in class A, in= =20 or =20 above class B and C airspace and within a 30 NM radius of B and C=20 airports=20 or in class E at an altitude above 10,000 MSL, but not at an AGL of 2500= =20 or=20 less (in class E). In other words, if you fly out in the weeds and=20 never=20 go anywhere important, you need not deal with this. =20 SLIDE 3=20 There are special non-compliance allowances for aircraft with no =20 electrical system, balloons and gliders. So it=E2=80=99s still heads up = out =20 there.=20 Perhaps the FAA will require UAVs to send ADS-B OUT data. =20 OUT information may be broadcast on the UAT (Universal Access=20 Transceiver) =20 frequency of 978 MHz or on the current transponder frequency of 1090 MH,= =20 commonly known as Extended Squitter (ES). But wait, there=E2=80=99s a s= pecial=20 mandatory rule for flights at or above 18,000 MSL =E2=80=93 ADS-B OUT must= be =20 transmitted on 1090 MHz ES even if it is also transmitted on 978 MHz. OUT= =20 data,=20 whether via transponder ES or UAT must be conditioned by GPS WAAS=20 position =20 information for accuracy.=20 If you fly at or above FL180 and are thinking about replacing your =20 transponder in the near future, consider one that transmits ES or is=20 easily=20 converted to such transmission at a later date.=20 The UAT operates on a different frequency because there are bandwidth,=20 framing, rate and interrogation limitations on the overworked transponder= =20 =20 frequency. =20 But, not to worry as these specific requirements are merely 7 years in=20 the =20 future.=20 SLIDE 4=20 Data gathering and distribution diagram. =20 ADS-B NOW=20 SLIDE 5 Radios =20 As of 6-20-12, 393 of the 800 radios.=20 SLIDE 6 Terminals=20 Increased traffic detail and weather on t;he ground in terminal=20 environments. =20 SLIDE 7 ENROUTE=20 ATC support. Currently within boundaries. Radio coverage is greater=20 than=20 these boundatries.=20 FIS-B weather =E2=80=93 =20 SLIDE 8=20 Includes NEXRAD, METARs, TAFs, AIRMETs, PIREPs, NOTAMs, TFRs, etc. See=20 AIM=20 7-1-11 =20 TRAFFIC=20 SLIDE 9 =E2=80=93 This is why ADS-B out is needed.=20 T1 =E2=80=93T4 SLIDES 10, 11, 12, 13 pix taken with my iPhone.=20 10 =E2=80=93 Note the Monroy display indicates an aircraft at 2 miles. No= t seen=20 on=20 the 430 at 50 mile range.=20 11- TIS traffic page shows it up. Direction vector accurate within 45 =20 degrees. Trend shows descent.=20 12 =E2=80=93 Can=E2=80=99t se nothing at 2 miles, so I had to chase the b= ogie=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6..=20 13 =E2=80=93 See that dot I the middle of the screen at about 1 mile=E2= =80=A6.. =20 The FAA would like every GA airplane equipped with ADS-B now and they are= =20 bending over backwards to promote its acceptance and hold down the costs= =20 to=20 the owner/operator while making the safety benefits worthwhile. In light= =20 of that, UATs need not be TSO=E2=80=99d at the moment where those that ar= e =20 transmitting are approved by the FCC and the manufacturer will be=20 required=20 to bring=20 any in the field up to the TSO standards when finalized. UATs can be a = =20 =E2=80=9C portable=E2=80=9D install (velcroed) in a certified aircraft with only a m= inor =20 modification approval for the installation of power along with GPS and =20 transponder-like antennas. The FAA has no specification for display =20 devices=20 and the=20 use of Bluetooth or WiFi to a portable device (such as an iPad) is OK. = =20 Remember, the FAA in on target to have all 800 stations operating by=20 2013.=20 WHAT CAN YOU DO NOW?=20 Example SLIDE 14=20 SKYVISIONXTREME.com PROGRAM =20 Demo a LA CA recorded flight with traffic and weather. =20 Why weather only doesn=E2=80=99t make it Unexpected consequence is cockpi= t=20 weather=20 routes traffic around storms and into dense corridors.=20 End of presentation. Additional info =20 15. ADS-B Out data transmitted =20 16. Transponder requirement unchanged, altitude correspondence. =20 17. Altitude correspondence.=20 18. Code correspondence.=20 19. Additional TCAS cost to interface.=20 20. Antenna=20 21 and 22. TCAS II limitations. =20 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D In a message dated 7/16/2012 11:35:09 A.M. Central Daylight Time, =20 colyncase@earthlink.net writes: Scott, =20 Do I understand correctly that ADS-B traffic information comes via a =20 ground station somewhere? How does that actually perform when you are= =20 in=20 a=20 valley somewhere? I used to have TIS-B. I loved it when and where it worked but there were= =20 enough discrepancies + the fact that you had to have line of sight to the= =20 =20 Radar facility that I was really enthusiastic about getting my ryan=20 9900BX. =20 The very best thing about TIS-B is that it showed me how much traffic I = =20 wasn't seeing. However, the delay and coverage issues are real. One= =20 incident I had, I was at the range limit of the Sacramento facility when= =20 I=20 saw a=20 blip at less than two miles 10 O'clock. I looked up and there was a=20 mooney headed straight at me. I dove to the right and no sooner than he= =20 had=20 passed my tail, he disappeared off the screen. If I had been a mile=20 further =20 south I never would have seen him. Another incident: as I was going=20 into=20 Palo Alto I had several targets coming up at me. One was 12 O'clock and = =20 reported as 300' below me and climbing. I was about to climb when I=20 spotted=20 it already above me. That is where the delay was really a problem. Dico, IMO in a IVP you will be very happy to have an active system like the =20 avidyne TAS 600 or 605. The former is only $8490 and you can install it = =20 yourself. The latter list is a little over $10,000. (You can probably= =20 find it=20 cheaper....or you can find someone who is gaga over ADS-B and make them= =20 an =20 offer....) You'll find it works much more reliably, regardless of=20 geography and doesn't have the delay of going through a ground station. The 600 gives you coverage up to 18,500 above which you have radar =20 separation because you will be IFR. _http://www.avidyne.com/products/tas600/index.asp_ =20 (http://www.avidyne.com/products/tas600/index.asp) =20 _http://www.avidyne.com/downloads/brochures/AV645_Retail_PL.pdf_ =20 (http://www.avidyne.com/downloads/brochures/AV645_Retail_PL.pdf) =20 Colyn On Jul 16, 2012, at 10:09 AM, _Sky2high@aol.com_ =20 (mailto:Sky2high@aol.com) =20 wrote: Dico, For the present and future, consider ADS-B. Here is an example: _http://skyvisionxtreme.com/_ (http://skyvisionxtreme.com/)=20 Scott Krueger In a message dated 7/16/2012 7:13:32 A.M. Central Daylight Time,=20 _dico@internetworks.ca_ (mailto:dico@internetworks.ca) writes: Hello All, Is there a good TCAS system available for our experimental airplanes. I= =20 really like the skywatch systems with the 2 antennas.. however with the = =20 prices $10k - $15k, its pretty crazy high. The Zaon systems are a bit to= =20 far=20 on the other end of the scale and have deadspots. Does anyone know of=20 other =20 good systems -- or if systems for experimental planes are being=20 developed?=20 Or perhaps were we could get one from a written off Cirrus or something= =20 that had a system? Thanks, Dico =3D -- For archives and unsub http://mail.lancaironline.net:81/lists/lml/List.html --part1_2fd94.6277538e.3d36c934_boundary Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Language: en
I don't think dropbox saved the pdf as a pdf and I couldn't seem to do= wn=20 load it as such nor could I control the screen size for the pix.  If a= nyone=20 wants a copy of the 3 MB pdf, send me an email directly....
 
Scott Krueger
 
Sky2high@aol.com
 
In a message dated 7/17/2012 7:59:52 A.M. Central Daylight Time,=20 marv@lancair.net writes:
=

Posted for=20 Sky2high@aol.com:

 Colyn and Dico,
 
 Valley= =20 performance is great if the other aircraft is=20 properly  equipped.
 
 You did not have TIS-B, = just=20 TIS.  TIS is only available in  limited areas=20
 (like within 50 NM of KORD).  See slide 11 of the=20 attachment.  I have a
 Garmin 430W and GTX 330 so I ca= n get=20 TIS if available.  TIS is  easily
confused=20
 by closely crossing airplanes or your own=20 steep  turns.  ADS-B knows when
 your veloci= ty=20 vector is changing because of the  high xmit/receive=20 rate.
 
 Hey, I am gaga over ADS-B, it is here today and = IS=20 your future in a  mere
 7.5 years.  Some Dis= play=20 and UAT systems come in around $5500. Check  it=20 out.
 
[Please go to=20 https://www.dropbox.com/s/9257rfxsd5huxue/Colyn1%20reduced.pdf for the fi= le=20 attached to this message. <marv> ]

 Read the TCAS-II=20 limitations at the end of the attachment.  Don't=20 dive  
 unless you have TAWS.
 
 The=20 following is an outline of a presentation I recently made to an &nbs= p;EAA=20
 group.  Attached are the PDF slides.  I hav= e a=20 demo program on my  laptop of
 the SkyVisionXtreme tha= t I=20 use with the  presentation.  If you want to see a=20
 demo, look for a dealer in your  area.  Uh,= I=20 would exude my gaga-ness in
 front of a group=20 for  expenses. Maybe....
 
 Scott=20 Krueger
 
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3DSupporting=20 text for  
 PDF.=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D
 
 SLIDE 1=20
 ADS-B
 The NexGen system relies on  GPS-WAAS= ,=20 ADS-B and the participation of GA
 for flight safety=20 and  efficiency.  ADS-B services=20 include  weather (FIS-B)
 transmitted from ground stat= ions=20 and traffic (TIS-B) available  directly from
 other AD= S-B=20 equipped aircraft or from the same ground stations  that have= =20
 also acquired aircraft location information by any=20 means.  There are other
 services, but these=20 are  the most important to non-commercial GA.  When= =20
 complete in 2013, there will be about 800 such=20 ground  stations with 393
operating
 today (there = were=20 only 331 at the end of February  2012).  
 SL= IDE 2=20
 ADS-B in  2020
 In the continental USA and= =20 by  2020, aircraft must be broadcasting ADS-B
 OUT dat= a=20 (altitude, location,  direction, speed, ID, etc.) in class A, i= n or=20
 above class B and C airspace and  within a 30 NM radi= us of=20 B and C airports
 or in class E at an altitude=20 above  10,000 MSL, but not at an AGL of 2500 or
 less = (in=20 class E).  In other words, if you fly out in the  wee= ds=20 and never
 go anywhere important, you need not deal with=20 this.    
 SLIDE 3
 There are=20 special  non-compliance allowances for aircraft with no=20
 electrical system, balloons and  gliders.  = So=20 it=E2=80=99s still heads up out  there.
 
 Per= haps the FAA=20 will require  UAVs to send ADS-B OUT=20 data.    
 OUT information may=20 be  broadcast on the UAT (Universal Access Transceiver)=20
 frequency of 978 MHz or on  the current transponder= =20 frequency of 1090 MH,
 commonly known as Extended  Squ= itter=20 (ES).  But wait, there=E2=80=99s a  special
 = ;mandatory=20 rule for flights at or above 18,000 MSL =E2=80=93 ADS-B OUT must=20 be  
 transmitted on 1090 MHz ES even if it is also=20 transmitted on 978 MHz.  OUT
data,
 whether via=20 transponder ES or  UAT must be conditioned by GPS WAAS position= =20
 information for  accuracy.
 If you fly at or= =20 above FL180  and are thinking about replacing your=20
 transponder in the near future, consider  one that=20 transmits ES or is easily
 converted to such transmission at a= =20 later  date.
 The UAT operates on a  differe= nt=20 frequency because there are bandwidth,
 framing, rate and=20 interrogation  limitations on the overworked transponder=20
 frequency.  
 But, not to worry as=20 these  specific requirements are merely 7 years in the=20
 future.
 SLIDE 4
 Data gathering=20 and  distribution diagram.  =20
 ADS-B  NOW
 SLIDE 5  Radios=20
 As of 6-20-12, 393 of the 800  radios.
 SLID= E=20 6  Terminals
 Increased traffic detail=20 and  weather on t;he ground in terminal
 environments.= =20
 SLIDE 7  ENROUTE
 ATC=20 support.  Currently within boundaries.  Radio coverag= e is=20 greater than
 these  boundatries.
FIS-B weather=20 =E2=80=93  
 SLIDE 8
 Includes NEXRAD, METARs= ,=20 TAFs,  AIRMETs, PIREPs, NOTAMs, TFRs, etc. See AIM
 7-= 1-11=20
 TRAFFIC
 SLIDE 9 =E2=80=93 This is why ADS-B &nbs= p;out is=20 needed.
 T1 =E2=80=93T4  SLIDES 10, 11, 12, 13 pix tak= en with=20 my  iPhone.
 10 =E2=80=93 Note the Monroy=20 display  indicates an aircraft at 2 miles. Not seen on
&nbs= p;the=20 430 at 50 mile  range.
 11- TIS traffic page shows=20 it  up. Direction vector accurate within 45=20
 degrees.  Trend shows descent.
 12 =E2=80=93= Can=E2=80=99t se=20 nothing at 2  miles, so I had to chase the bogie=E2=80=A6=E2=80= =A6..
 13 =E2=80=93=20 See that dot I the middle  of the screen at about 1 mile=E2=80= =A6..=20
 The FAA would like every GA  airplane equipped with A= DS-B=20 now and they are
 bending over backwards to promote  i= ts=20 acceptance and hold down the costs to
 the owner/operator while= =20 making the  safety benefits worthwhile. In light
 of t= hat,=20 UATs need not be TSO=E2=80=99d at the  moment where those that = are=20
 transmitting are approved by the FCC and the  manufac= turer=20 will be required
to bring
 any in the field up to the TSO=20 standards  when finalized.  UATs can be=20 a  =E2=80=9C
 portable=E2=80=9D install (velcroed) in a= certified aircraft=20 with only a minor  
 modification approval for the=20 installation of power along with GPS and  
 transponder= -like=20 antennas.  The FAA  has no specification for display= =20 devices
and the
 use of Bluetooth or WiFi to=20 a  portable device (such as an iPad) is OK.  =20
 Remember, the FAA in on target  to have all 800 stati= ons=20 operating by 2013.
 WHAT CAN YOU DO  NOW?
 Ex= ample=20 SLIDE  14
 SKYVISIONXTREME.com  PROGRAM=20
 Demo a LA CA recorded flight  with traffic and weathe= r.=20
 Why weather only doesn=E2=80=99t make  it Unexpected = consequence=20 is cockpit weather
 routes traffic around storms and  = into=20 dense corridors.
 End of presentation.  Additional inf= o=20
 15.  ADS-B Out data  transmitted=20
 16.  Transponder requirement=20 unchanged,  altitude correspondence.  
 17.= =20 Altitude  correspondence.
 18.=20 Code  correspondence.
 19.  Additional TCAS = cost=20 to  interface.
 20. Antenna
 21 and 22. TCAS= =20 II  limitations.=20
 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D= =3D
 
 
 In=20 a message dated 7/16/2012 11:35:09 A.M. Central Daylight=20 Time,  
 colyncase@earthlink.net=20 writes:
 
 Scott,  
 
 
&nbs= p;Do=20 I understand correctly that ADS-B traffic information comes via=20 a  
 ground station somewhere?    H= ow=20 does that actually perform when you  are in
a
 val= ley=20 somewhere?
 
 
 I used to have TIS-B.  = I=20 loved it when and where it worked but there  were
 eno= ugh=20 discrepancies + the fact that you had to have line of sight to=20 the  
 Radar facility that I was really enthusiastic ab= out=20 getting my ryan 9900BX.  
 The very best thing about TI= S-B=20 is that it showed me how much traffic I  
 wasn't=20 seeing.   However, the delay and coverage issues are=20 real.    One
 incident I had, I was at the r= ange=20 limit of the Sacramento facility  when I
saw a
 bl= ip at=20 less than two miles 10 O'clock.   I looked up and  th= ere=20 was a
 mooney headed straight at me.  I dove to the ri= ght=20 and no  sooner than he had
 passed my tail, he disappe= ared=20 off the screen.   If I  had been a mile
further= =20
 south I never would have seen him.  =20 Another  incident: as I was going into
 Palo Alto I ha= d=20 several targets coming up at me.  One was 12 O'clock and=20
 reported as 300' below me and climbing.   I &nbs= p;was=20 about to climb when I
spotted
 it already above=20 me.  That is where the  delay was really a=20 problem.
 
 
 Dico,
 
 
 = IMO=20 in a IVP you will be very happy to have an active system like=20 the  
 avidyne TAS 600 or 605.   The former i= s=20 only $8490 and you can install it  
 yourself. &nb= sp;=20 The latter list is a little over $10,000.  (You=20 can  probably
find it
 cheaper....or you can find= =20 someone who is gaga over ADS-B and  make them an=20
 offer....)   You'll find it works much more=20 reliably,  regardless of
 geography and doesn't have t= he=20 delay of going through a  ground station.
 The 600 give= s you=20 coverage up to 18,500 above which you have=20 radar  
 separation because you will be=20 IFR.
 
 
 _http://www.avidyne.com/products/tas600= /index.asp_=20
 (http://www.avidyne.com/products/tas600/index.asp)=20
 _http://www.avidyne.com/downloads/brochures/AV645_Retail_PL.pdf= _=20
 (http://www.avidyne.com/downloads/brochures/AV645_Retail_PL.pdf= )=20
 
 
 Colyn
 
 
 
&nbs= p;
 
 
 On=20 Jul 16, 2012, at 10:09 AM, _Sky2high@aol.com_=20 (mailto:Sky2high@aol.com)  
 wrote:
 
 =
 Dico,
 
For=20 the present and future, consider ADS-B.
 
 Here is an=20 example:
 
 _http://skyvisionxtreme.com/_=20 (http://skyvisionxtreme.com/)
 
 Scott=20 Krueger
 
 
 In a message dated 7/16/2012 7:13:32= A.M.=20 Central Daylight Time,
 _dico@internetworks.ca_=20 (mailto:dico@internetworks.ca)  writes:
 
 Hell= o  All,
 
 Is=20 there a good TCAS system available for our=20 experimental  airplanes.  I
 really like the= =20 skywatch systems with the 2 antennas..  however with the=20
 prices $10k - $15k, its pretty crazy high.  The=20 Zaon  systems are a bit to
far
 on the other end o= f the=20 scale and have  deadspots.  Does anyone know of other= =20
 good systems -- or if systems for  experimental plane= s are=20 being developed?
 Or perhaps were we could get  one fr= om a=20 written off Cirrus or something
 that had=20 a  system?
 
 Thanks,
 
 Dico 
 
 
 
 
 
 =3D
=

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