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From: Sky2high@aol.com
Sender: "Lancair Mailing List" <lml@lancaironline.net>
Date: Thu, 30 Jun 2011 07:51:17 -0400 To: <lml@lancaironline.net> ReplyTo: "Lancair Mailing List" <lml@lancaironline.net>
Subject: [LML] Re: Airplane needs to be "fixed," Stall Speeds, Wing
Cuffs, Vortex ...
Terrence,
Nice in concept, it just doesn't seem to work that way. At least not
in my plane. Certainly speed changes affect lift (or negative lift) on all
flying surfaces - ergo the non-constant trim.
Here is the most simple example.
Climb to altitude x, level out, set cruise power and trim for level
flight.
Hah!
In smooth air, laminar flow may take as long as 10 minutes to reach its
final state and during those ten minutes the speed increases, the nose
pitches up and further nose down trim is required to maintain level
flight until everything becomes stable. Another way is to maintain climb
power, level off and wait until the predicted cruise speed is reached, reduce to
the known cruise power and then set the trim just once.
A stable instrument approach in an unstable air mass is a real challenge to
keep the vertical guidance needle steady. Any change in speed or
pitch induced by either the pilot or the air certainly changes the descent
profile quickly. One cannot chase it with power.
Maybe I am missing the point but if I am trimmed for level flight and only
reduce power (MAP), the hands off plane will take a while and then enter a
descent with the rate increasing rapidly along with the speed - then, the
airplane will eventually begin to climb and slow until descent begins anew - I
have never had the patience to for these cycles to finally result in stable
level flight at a lower altitude. It is not diverging, but it does not
seem to converge at any reasonable rate. I.E. Stable flight is
easily upset and that is my point about keeping the airspeed margin above stall
greater than the commonly accepted multiple. I am sure the AOA is changing
also and I will attempt to record such indicated changes the next time I'm
out.
Scott
In a message dated 6/29/2011 3:01:22 P.M. Central Daylight Time,
troneill@charter.net writes:
ABout trimming, I think of it by imagining the CG and aerodynamic center
stuck together, and then think what the tail is doing. The tail is way
back there, with a long moment arm and can do whatever it wants. If it
develops a little camber, it will swing like a rudder on a windmill until it
isn;t being pushed one way or the other any more.... it goes to Zero force..
And its leverage forces the balanced wing to go to that moment arm's
angle. The ANGLE is the thing... and when you trim the tail to force the
wing to that angle, it will hold it at that angle, no matter how fast or slow
the air is going by.
And that's why we change altitude with power, and leave the trim alone if
we want to avoid having to retrim, for the final indicated level-out
speed.
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