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Message-ID: <484621.6828.qm@web83909.mail.sp1.yahoo.com>
Date: Sun, 14 Nov 2010 14:11:11 -0800 (PST)
From: Kelly Troyer <keltro@att.net>
Subject: TURBO INFO
To: Rotary motors in aircraft <flyrotary@lancaironline.net>
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Perhaps of interest to those of the group contemplating a "TURBOCHARGER" fo=
r =0Atheir project.............=0A=C2=A0=0AKelly Troyer=0A"DYKE DELTA JD2" =
(Eventually)=0A"13B ROTARY"_ Engine=0A"RWS"_RD1C/EC2/EM2=0A"MISTRAL"_Backpl=
ate/Oil Manifold=0A"TURBONETICS"_TO4E50 Turbo=0A=0ATurbo Oil Needs=0ATurbos=
 rotate at very high speeds and their center bearings require a continuous =
=0Asupply of pressurized, clean and cool oil. Sleeve-type bearings need =0A=
considerably more oil than ball-bearing turbos but in either case, if the o=
il =0Asupply is ineffective, the turbo will soon fail. The same importance =
also =0Aapplies to the oil exit: if the oil cannot freely escape, it will f=
orce itself =0Athrough the seals, causing smoke.  =0A=0AThe specific oil ne=
eds vary from turbo to turbo, however, as an example, the =0Amanufacturer=
=E2=80=99s data sheet for the small Garrett GT12 shows the turbo requires a=
 =0Asupply of engine oil:=0A=09* Filtered at a 20 micron level =0A=09* Fed =
to the turbo through a minimum internal diameter line of 3.2mm =0A=09* At a=
 minimum pressure of 2 Bar (ie 29 psi) at peak engine torque =0A=09* Not le=
ss than 0.7 Bar (10 psi) at idle =0A=09* At a temperature below 130 degrees=
 C=0ABall-bearing turbos use a restrictor (normally positioned on the oil i=
nlet) so =0Athat the amount of oil that flows through the turbo bearing is =
less than in a =0Aconventional turbo.=0AThe oil drain from a turbo operates=
 via gravity. That is, the pressure drop =0Aacross the turbo bearing is nea=
rly complete and it is only gravity that causes =0Athe oil to flow back to =
the sump. In fact, it cannot really be termed =E2=80=98oil=E2=80=99 as =0Aa=
fter it has passed through the turbo, the oil becomes an aerated foam =E2=
=80=93 one =0Areference suggests it looks like =E2=80=98dirty whipped cream=
=E2=80=99. It=E2=80=99s therefore important =0Athat:=0A=09* The drain line =
is much larger in diameter than the pressure feed line =0A=09* The connecti=
on to the sump is made above the oil level =0A=09* The drain pipe is kept a=
s close to vertical as possible=0AIf the sump drain joins at a level below =
the oil, the much lower density of the =0Aaerated oil will cause it to sit =
on top of the sump oil, gradually backing-up to =0Athe turbo. =0A=0AIn appl=
ications where the turbo is positioned too low relative to the engine for =
=0Anormal drain-back to occur, an electric or mechanical scavenge pump can =
be =0Afitted. (This approach is adopted in many piston aircraft engines.) I=
n this =0Asituation a small sump must be installed beneath the turbo allowi=
ng the oil to =0Aaccumulate within it, with the pump then drawing from this=
 sump. Turbos mounted =0Aremote from the engine (eg at the back of the car)=
 also use a scavenge pump to =0Areturn the oil to the engine.  =0A=0AThe oi=
l requirement of the turbo will have an affect on the engine oiling =0Asyst=
em. System oil pressure will drop a little, a major reason why factory turb=
o =0Aversions of naturally aspirated engines often use a larger oil pump. I=
n =0Aaftermarket applications, the fact that the engine oil pump is normall=
y a little =0Aover-sized is taken advantage of to allow for the extra suppl=
y to the turbo. =0AHowever, in applications where a turbo hasn=E2=80=99t pr=
eviously been fitted to the =0Aengine, system oil pressure measurements sho=
uld be taken after fitment of the =0Aturbo to ensure that adequate oil pres=
sure is maintained at the engine. =0AManufacturer=E2=80=99s oil pressure sp=
ecs can be used to ascertain if this is the case.
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<html><head><style type=3D"text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></he=
ad><body><div style=3D"font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:1=
2pt;color:#000000;"><DIV></DIV>=0A<DIV>Perhaps of interest to those of the =
group contemplating a "TURBOCHARGER" for their project.............<BR>&nbs=
p;</DIV>=0A<P>Kelly Troyer<BR><STRONG><FONT size=3D4>"DYKE DELTA JD2"</FONT=
> <FONT size=3D1>(Eventually)</FONT></STRONG></P>=0A<P>"13B ROTARY"_ Engine=
<BR>"RWS"_RD1C/EC2/EM2<BR>"MISTRAL"_Backplate/Oil Manifold</P>=0A<P>"TURBON=
ETICS"_TO4E50 Turbo</P>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>=0A<H3>Turbo Oil Needs</=
H3>=0A<P>Turbos rotate at very high speeds and their center bearings requir=
e a continuous supply of pressurized, clean and cool oil. Sleeve-type beari=
ngs need considerably more oil than ball-bearing turbos but in either case,=
 if the oil supply is ineffective, the turbo will soon fail. The same impor=
tance also applies to the oil exit: if the oil cannot freely escape, it wil=
l force itself through the seals, causing smoke. </P>=0A<DIV style=3D"WIDTH=
: 283px; FLOAT: right" class=3Dwpimg onclick=3D"showImage(2606, 3)"><IMG bo=
rder=3D0 alt=3D"Click for larger image" src=3D"http://us1.webpublications.c=
om.au/static/images/articles/i26/2606_3lo.jpg" width=3D283 height=3D302> </=
DIV>=0A<P>The specific oil needs vary from turbo to turbo, however, as an e=
xample, the manufacturer=E2=80=99s data sheet for the small Garrett GT12 sh=
ows the turbo requires a supply of engine oil:</P>=0A<UL type=3Ddisc>=0A<LI=
>Filtered at a 20 micron level =0A<LI>Fed to the turbo through a minimum in=
ternal diameter line of 3.2mm =0A<LI>At a minimum pressure of 2 Bar (ie 29 =
psi) at peak engine torque =0A<LI>Not less than 0.7 Bar (10 psi) at idle =
=0A<LI>At a temperature below 130 degrees C</LI></UL>=0A<P>Ball-bearing tur=
bos use a restrictor (normally positioned on the oil inlet) so that the amo=
unt of oil that flows through the turbo bearing is less than in a conventio=
nal turbo.</P>=0A<P>The oil drain from a turbo operates via gravity. That i=
s, the pressure drop across the turbo bearing is nearly complete and it is =
only gravity that causes the oil to flow back to the sump. In fact, it cann=
ot really be termed =E2=80=98oil=E2=80=99 as after it has passed through th=
e turbo, the oil becomes an aerated foam =E2=80=93 one reference suggests i=
t looks like =E2=80=98dirty whipped cream=E2=80=99. It=E2=80=99s therefore =
important that:</P>=0A<UL type=3Ddisc>=0A<LI>The drain line is much larger =
in diameter than the pressure feed line =0A<LI>The connection to the sump i=
s made above the oil level =0A<LI>The drain pipe is kept as close to vertic=
al as possible</LI></UL>=0A<P>If the sump drain joins at a level below the =
oil, the much lower density of the aerated oil will cause it to sit on top =
of the sump oil, gradually backing-up to the turbo. </P>=0A<P>In applicatio=
ns where the turbo is positioned too low relative to the engine for normal =
drain-back to occur, an electric or mechanical scavenge pump can be fitted.=
 (This approach is adopted in many piston aircraft engines.) In this situat=
ion a small sump must be installed beneath the turbo allowing the oil to ac=
cumulate within it, with the pump then drawing from this sump. Turbos mount=
ed remote from the engine (eg at the back of the car) also use a scavenge p=
ump to return the oil to the engine. </P>=0A<DIV style=3D"WIDTH: 254px" cla=
ss=3Dwpimg onclick=3D"showImage(2606, 2)"><IMG border=3D0 alt=3D"Click for =
larger image" src=3D"http://us1.webpublications.com.au/static/images/articl=
es/i26/2606_2lo.jpg" width=3D254 height=3D302> </DIV>=0A<P>The oil requirem=
ent of the turbo will have an affect on the engine oiling system. System oi=
l pressure will drop a little, a major reason why factory turbo versions of=
 naturally aspirated engines often use a larger oil pump. In aftermarket ap=
plications, the fact that the engine oil pump is normally a little over-siz=
ed is taken advantage of to allow for the extra supply to the turbo. Howeve=
r, in applications where a turbo hasn=E2=80=99t previously been fitted to t=
he engine, system oil pressure measurements should be taken after fitment o=
f the turbo to ensure that adequate oil pressure is maintained at the engin=
e. Manufacturer=E2=80=99s oil pressure specs can be used to ascertain if th=
is is the case.</P></DIV></div></body></html>
--0-1500083687-1289772671=:6828--